Quarterly report pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d)

Share-Based Compensation

v3.19.3
Share-Based Compensation
9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2019
Share-Based Compensation.  
Share-Based Compensation

10. SHARE-BASED COMPENSATION

Effective July 1, 2015, our eligible employees commenced participation in the 2015 Long-Term Incentive Program.  The 2015 Long-Term Incentive Program authorizes the Board to grant stock options, stock appreciation rights, restricted shares, restricted share units, performance awards, and dividend equivalents.  All grants are made by issuing new shares and no more than 4.0 million shares of common stock may be issued under the 2015 Long-Term Incentive Program.  As of September 30, 2019, we had 2.3 million shares remaining available for issuance under the 2015 Long-Term Incentive Program.

Share-based compensation expense is included in selling, general, and administrative expense.  The income tax effect associated with share-based compensation awards is included in income tax expense.  The following table presents share-based compensation amounts recognized in our condensed consolidated statements of operations, in thousands:

Three Months Ended September 30, 

Nine Months Ended September 30, 

2019

2018

2019

2018

Share-based compensation expense

$

3,926

$

2,848

$

11,411

$

8,244

Income tax benefit realized

$

1,304

$

545

$

5,110

$

3,140

The following table presents a summary of our share-based compensation activity for the nine months ended September 30, 2019, in thousands, except per share amounts:

RSAs

Stock Options

Number of Shares

   

Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value Per Share

   

Number of Shares

   

Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value Per Share

   

Weighted Average Exercise Price Per Share

   

Aggregate
Intrinsic
Value

Balance December 31, 2018

499.2

$

41.29

611.4

$

13.10

$

34.45

$

8,685.8

Granted

249.1

$

67.37

103.5

$

21.16

$

58.08

Converted/Exercised

(310.0)

$

30.99

(273.8)

$

10.87

$

28.14

$

14,184.1

Forfeited

(20.6)

$

58.32

(9.7)

$

20.28

$

54.62

Expired

(2.7)

$

14.44

$

38.39

Balance September 30, 2019

417.7

$

57.35

428.7

$

16.30

$

43.71

$

22,603.3

Exercisable September 30, 2019 (a)

129.1

$

13.96

$

36.94

$

7,678.4

(a) The weighted average remaining contractual term for vested stock options is approximately 6.9 years.

We had unrecognized share-based compensation expense relating to unvested awards as shown in the following table, dollars in thousands:

As of September 30, 2019

Unrecognized Compensation Expense
on Unvested Awards

Weighted Average
Remaining
Vesting Period

Unrecognized compensation expense related to unvested awards:

RSAs

$

10,319

1.2 years

Stock options

1,910

1.0 years

Total unrecognized compensation expense related to unvested awards

$

12,229

Our RSAs with performance-based conditions are evaluated on a quarterly basis with adjustments to compensation expense based on the likelihood of the performance target being achieved or exceeded.  The following table shows the range of payouts and the related expense for our outstanding RSAs with performance-based conditions, in thousands:

Payout Ranges and Related Expense

RSAs with Performance-Based Conditions

Grant Date Fair Value

0%

25%

100%

200%

February 21, 2017

$

1,839

$

$

460

$

1,839

$

3,678

February 19, 2018

$

2,082

$

$

521

$

2,082

$

4,164

February 18, 2019

$

2,510

$

$

628

$

2,510

$

5,020

During the first quarter of 2019, RSAs with performance-based conditions that were granted on February 22, 2016 vested based on cumulative three-year achievement of 88.6%. Total compensation expense recognized over the three-year performance period, net of forfeitures, was $1.7 million.

The fair value of our RSAs with a market-based condition granted under the 2015 Long-Term Incentive Program was determined using a Monte Carlo simulation.  The following are key inputs in the Monte Carlo analysis for awards granted in 2019 and 2018:

2019

2018

Measurement period (years)

2.87

2.87

Risk free interest rate

2.50

%

2.36

%

Dividend yield

0.00

%

0.00

%

Estimated fair value of market-based RSAs granted

$

80.74

$

103.31

The fair values of stock options granted under the 2015 Long-Term Incentive Program were calculated using the Black-Scholes Options Pricing Model.  The following table presents the assumptions used to estimate the fair values of stock options granted in 2019 and 2018:

2019

2018

Risk free interest rate

2.59

%

2.78

%

Expected volatility, using historical return volatility and implied volatility

32.50

%

32.50

%

Expected life (in years)

6.0

6.0

Dividend yield

0.00

%

0.00

%

Estimated fair value of stock options granted

$

21.16

$

27.44